Microsoft edge is the default program for opening pdf files on windows 10. Capnocytophaga granulosa and capnocytophaga haemolytica. The genus initially included three species on the basis of morphological, physiological and dna. Capnocytophaga is a genus of gramnegative bacteria. Antimicrobial treatment of capnocytophaga infections. Most people who have contact with a dog or cat do not become sick. Capnocytophaga infection from a dog bite chicago injury. Capnocytophaga species constitute part of the normal oral microflora of. Capnocytophaga sputigena, capnocytophaga gingivalis. Bacteremia caused by capnocytophaga species in patients. Capnocytophaga sputigena bacteremia in a patient with. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is the main human pathogen associated with dog bites.
Several species such as capnocytophaga gingivalis, capnocytophaga ochracea, and capnocytophaga sputigena are human hosted while capnocytophaga canimorsus and capnocytophaga cynodegmi live in the mouth of dogs. Abstract dog and catrelated woundinfections in humans are common. Metagenomic analysis of the canine oral cavity, as revealed by highthroughput pyrosequencing of the 16s rrna. A genus of bacteria comprising fusiform, fermentative, gramnegative rods which require carbon dioxide for growth and show gliding motility explanation of capnocytophaga canimorsus. Capnocytophaga canimorsus article about capnocytophaga. Uniform attributes of the fusiform isolates include gliding motility, strictly fermentative metabolism dependent on the presence of co2 or hco 3, under either anaerobic or aerobic conditions, presence of benzidine. The more rarely identified species 15% capnocytophaga gingivalis, capnocytophaga granulosa and capnocytophaga. We present two cases of infection caused by capnocytophaga ochracea. A bacterial infection caused by capnocytophaga canimorsus which is often found in normal healthy cats and dogs. Capnocytophaga gingivalis is a bsl2 organism and should be considered a potential pathogen. Capnocytophaga species are facultatively anaerobic gramnegative bacilli that are part of the normal oral flora, and it has been suggested that bloodstream infections develop when. The characteristics of the isolates were compared with 10 fresh and 2 stock isolates of fusobacterium nucleatum. Sixtyeight strains of capnophilic fusiform gramnegative rods from the human oral cavity were subjected to extensive physiologic characterization, tested for susceptibility to various antibiotics, and the molpercent guanine plus cytosine of each isolate determined. Estimates predict that 50% of all americans will be bitten in their lifetime by an animal and that.
Organisms have a long, fusiform appearance on gram stain, making it distinctive enough to. Infections are more often linked to dog bites or dog contact. Capnocytophaga symptoms, diagnosis, treatments and causes. Other capnocytophaga species may be part of animal oral flora, or normal human oral floradental plaques, e. These organisms are part of the normal oral flora and were first described as bacteroides ochraceus and cdc group df1. The discovery and naming of capnocytophaga canimorsus jonathan y. Capnocytophaga species are gramnegative bacteria from the bacteroidetes group. You can change the default program for pdf files to open it in a program thats more suitable and featurerich, such as acrobat reader dc or acrobat dc. Capnocytophaga species are facultative anaerobic, capnophilic, fusiform, gramnegative bacilli exhibiting gliding motility.
Actinobacillus, aggregatibacter, kingella, cardiobacterium. What is capnocytophaga how common is capnocytophaga. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is the species most commonly involved in zoonotic. Capnocytophaga canimorsus mechanisms of pathogenicity. Arare case of bacteremia due to capnocytophaga canimorsus kazumi kikuchi, 1 kazushi ehara, 1 atsuko miyasaka, 1 shinobu koyama, 1 yuji yaguchi, 1 kiyoko tamai, 1 mayumi mitsui, 1 shigeyuki notake, 1 kouichi muramatsu, 1. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a facultative gramnegative bacillus that is typically a constituent of the oral flora of dogs and cats. Epa 815r09004 identifying the universe august 2009 a5.
Capnocytophaga species constitute part of the normal oral microflora of humans and animals, and are often considered as opportunistic pathogens, that was confirmed by recent studies of microbial profiles using the human oral microbe identification microarray 23, 54, 128, 1. Capnocytophaga definition of capnocytophaga by medical. Lin after 1961, a number of previously unidentified gramnegative bacilli were referred to the centers for disease control and prevention. A gramnegative, microaerophilic, co2requiring gliding bacillus, which is found in normal oral flora and an opportunistic pathogen. Capnocytophaga, streptobacillus, gram negatives flashcards. Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a bacterial cause of fulminant sepsis among individuals who have been bitten by a dog. You can merge pdfs or a mix of pdf documents and other files. Please, select more pdf files by clicking again on select pdf files. Two reference strains capnocytophaga gingivalis atcc 33624. The genus capnocytophaga is comprised of eight known species. Find out information about capnocytophaga canimorsus. Separate one page or a whole set for easy conversion into independent pdf files. The role of capnocytophaga species in oral health and.
Dogs are the most common household pets in the united states. The genus capnocytophaga is a group of fusiform, gramnegative, rodshaped organisms with gliding motility whose growth is favoured by a capnophilic atmosphere. Rarely, capnocytophaga germs can spread to people through bites, scratches, or close contact from a dog or cat and may cause illness, including sepsis. Anytime the skin is punctured, the risk for infection should be a concern. A case report describing capnocytophaga ochracea bacteroides ochraceus septicemia in a. Isolation of capnocytophaga granulosa from an abscess in an immunocompetent adolescent article pdf available in clinical infectious diseases 303. Diagnosing capnocytophaga canimorsus infections volume. Merge pdf files combine pdfs in the order you want with the easiest pdf merger available. In addition, they are opportunistic pathogens associated with periodontal diseases and animal bites, causing systemic infection in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts 2, 3. The word element capno in the bacteriums name refers to its ability to survive in high levels of carbon dioxide. The discovery and naming of capnocytophaga canimorsus. Capnocytophaga ochracea septicemia journal of clinical. Capnocytophaga ochracer, capnocytophaga sputigena, capnocytophaga gingivalis, capnocytophaga granulose, and capnocytophaga heamolytica.
Role of dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv mutations in. It was first isolated by bobo and newton in 1976 from a man presenting. Capnocytophaga 2 capnocytophaga gingivalis 2 capnocytophaga granulosa 2 capnocytophaga haemolytica 2 capnocytophaga ochracea capnocytophaga. Members of the genus capnocytophaga can use various carbohydrates like glucose, dextran, glycogen, inulin or starch as fermentable substrates and energy source. Capnocytophaga ochracea, capnocytophaga gingivalis. Capnocytophaga gingivalis, capnocytophaga ochracea, capnocytophaga sputigena, and other species. Many kinds of bacteria germs called capnocytophaga live in the mouths of dogs and cats. For a comparison of the biochemical characteristics of c. Capnocytophaga gingivalis definition of capnocytophaga. In 1976, light was shed on these unidentified bacilli when bobo and newton described a man who developed septicemia and meningitis after. Associate pdf files to always open in reader or acrobat on. Click, drag, and drop to reorder files or press delete to remove any content you dont want. Bacteria of the genus capnocytophaga are recently recognised pathogens which may cause oral disease and subsequent septicaemia in the immunocompromised host.
Capnocytophaga is the name of a group of gramnegative bacteria that live in the mouth of some animals and humans. Capnocytophaga species are a rare cause of bacteremia in patients with neutropenia and cancer. Capnocytophaga gingivalis ochracea moderat pathogen hochgradig pathogen stark pathogen. Species of these bacteria are isolated from the oral cavity and often cause periodontitis. Infections probably caused by patients endogenous strains. List of bacteria and similar organisms presenting at the. How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc. It forms black colonies on blood agar it is found in the oral cavity, where it is implicated in periodontal disease, as well as in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract and the colon. Capnocytophaga species have been implicated as putative periodontal pathogens.
Porphyromonas gingivalis belongs to the phylum bacteroidetes and is a nonmotile, gramnegative, rodshaped, anaerobic, pathogenic bacterium. T ward, n brown, d parte, a bergeys manual of systematic bacteriology. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. Capnocytophaga species infectious disease and antimicrobial. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. The capnocytophaga germs that are common in dogs and cats can be spread to people through a bite or after close contact with dogs or cats. Capnocytophaga gingivalis bacteremia detected only on quantitative blood cultures in a child with leukemia. Subgingival surfaces and other areas of human oral cavity. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 796k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. To change the order of your pdfs, drag and drop the files as you want. While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this information, please check current reference material prior to growth or handling of microorganisms.
Pcr detection of capnocytophaga species in dental plaque. Click add files and select the files you want to include in your pdf. The characteristics of gliding bacteria isolated from both healthy and diseased sites in the oral cavity are, summarized and the taxonomic position of the bacteria discussed. It has been isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis.
It retrieves nacetylglucosamine, a compound it needs for its outer layer, from the components of the saliva of cats and dogs. The frequency with which these bacteria have been isolated in large patient series ranges from 0. Capnocytophaga canimorsus and capnocytophaga cynodegmi can be transmitted from dogs and cats to humans via bites or scratches. Clinical findings c gingivalis may cause periodontal disease or, in immune compromised hosts e. Pdf identification of capnocytophaga species from oral cavity of. The closest match was obtained with capnocytophaga ochracea genbank accession no. Capnocytophaga canimorsus and capnocytophaga cynodegmi. See the preventing dog bites page for information on how to prevent dog bites and what to do if you are bitten, regardless of your health status.
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